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Your visit to Cagliari , the capital of the Italian island of Sardinia , starts down by the port . From there , the city climbs a limestone hill to the walls of the Castello quarter , about one hundred metres above the sea . The Pisans founded Castello in the thirteenth century and fortified the hill with walls , towers and bastions . Walls still surround most of the quarter , and you still enter it through medieval gates . Under Pisan , Aragonese - Spanish and later Piedmontese rule , its streets held palaces of power and noble houses . Climb the narrow streets and stairs to the Elephant Tower . The Sardinian architect Giovanni Capula designed it , and it was finished around 1307 . It is more than thirty metres tall , with four levels . On its front , a marble elephant looks out over the city , perhaps a sign of Pisan power at sea . The tower is sometimes closed to visitors , so check before you go . Next , walk to the Bastion of Saint Remy , completed in 1902 . A long staircase leads up from Piazza Costituzione , or you can take the panoramic lift . From the larger terrace , named after King Umberto I , you look down on the port . On a clear day , you can even see Poetto beach . Poetto runs for about eight kilometres , from the Sella del Diavolo headland toward Quartu Sant'Elena . The sand is white and soft , and the seabed stays shallow for tens of metres . The beach is only a few kilometres from the centre , and a city bus will take you there . Behind the seafront lies the Molentargius - Saline park , about 1,600 hectares of old salt basins and lagoons . Salt was taken from them until 1985 . Entry is free , and hundreds of pink flamingos stand in the shallow water , where they also nest . By evening , you have seen both ends of Cagliari : a stone elephant on the walls and pink flamingos by the sea .