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In the Museo Galileo , in Florence , there is a plain tube in a glass case . It is wood and leather , with two small glass lenses . But this tube changed the sky . The tube belonged to Galileo Galilei . Galileo did not invent the telescope . Men in Holland built the first one in 1608 . But Galileo built a better one . In August 1609 , Galileo climbed the bell tower of San Marco in Venice . Senators of Venice went up and looked through the tube . They saw ships far out at sea . Other people saw the ships only hours later . The Senate gave Galileo more money for this . Then Galileo turned the tube to the night sky . He looked at the moon and saw mountains on it . In January 1610 , he looked at the planet Jupiter . He saw four small stars next to it . But the stars moved every night . Each one was a small moon of Jupiter . In March 1610 , Galileo wrote a little book about them , the Starry Messenger . Today the tube rests in its glass case . Visitors stop and look at it every day . It is only wood , leather , and glass . But this little tube moved the whole sky .
